The Shishi (獅⼦), or stone lion, is an iconic figure in Japanese culture, deeply rooted in both religious and artistic traditions.
Also referred to as “Komainu” (狛⽝), which translates to “Korean dog,” the Shishi is actually a lion-like creature that guards the entrances of temples and shrines. These statues are not originally Japanese, having traveled to Japan through China and Korea, but they have become a crucial symbol in Japanese culture over centuries.
Typically found in pairs, the Shishi serve as protectors, warding off evil spirits and ensuring the sanctity of religious spaces. One lion is depicted with its mouth open, representing the sound “A,” the first sound in the Japanese syllabary, while the other has its mouth closed, symbolizing “Un,” the final sound. Together, they signify the beginning and the end, or the cycle of life and death.
The Shishi’s symbolic role extends beyond mere guardianship. In Shinto belief, these mythical lions embody strength, courage, and protection. Their association with Buddhist traditions, meanwhile, emphasizes their role in keeping sacred spaces free from malevolent forces.
These stone guardians are often highly stylized, with exaggerated facial features, flowing manes, and muscular bodies. They stand as expressions of artistic craftsmanship in Japan, with each shrine or temple’s Shishi reflecting its unique design traditions. Some may appear fierce and intimidating, while others are softer and more approachable.
The Shishi is a perfect blend of myth, religion, and art. Whether standing outside a grand temple or a small rural shrine, these stone lions continue to serve as symbols of spiritual protection and the balance of forces, guarding sacred spaces and the lives of those who visit them.
